Concrete floor and ceiling construction



March 24, 1936. c.- E. BU RBANK El AL 2,035,296

CONCRETE'FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTION v Filed Feb. 10, 1934 Patented Mar. 24, 1936 CONCRETE noon AND OEIHNG CONSTRUCTION Clement Everett Burbank and Burritt A.

' Cuahman, Bedford Hills, N. Y.

Application February 10, 1934, Serial No. 710,712

10 Claims.

This invention relates to a concrete floor and ceiling construction. More particularly it relates to a concrete fioor and ceiling construction which is fabricated from previously formed blocks and 5 joists.

It is an object of this invention to provide a fabricated concrete floor construction which will give a beamed ceiling effect in the room below.

Another object is to provide an improved floor construction employing concrete blocks and joists which may be manufactured away from the location of the building.

Another object is to provide a concrete floor construction which can be quickly assembled from its previously manufactured component parts.

Another object is to provide a concrete floor construction which does not require the use of forms or molds during its assembly.

Another object is to provide a concrete floor construction which can be more quicklyand less expensively constructed than prior floors of like nature and which is light and strong.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent as the invention is described in connection 25 with the accompanying drawing:

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a partly constructed floor embodying the principles of our invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a block used in constructing the floor.

Figure 3 is a detail cross section view through a portion of the floor around a joist.

Referring to the drawing, a beam or wall Ill '5 supports spaced joists l2a, b, c and d, the spacing of the joists depending upon the dimensions of blocks Him and la, b, c, and d, which are placed between the joists. When the blocks are in place the grout I6 is poured in over them and unites or bonds with them and with the joists to form a floor and ceiling of monolithic nature.

v The beam or wall Ill may be considered as a primary supporting means and the horizontal parallel joists |2a to l2d may be considered as see- 5 ondary supporting members for the blocks l3 and I4 and the grout Hi. There will be a plurality of joists between the vertical supports or columns (not shown) and a plurality of rows of blocks, each row being between a pair of joists. In referring to blocks we do not include slabs which extend from one column or vertical support to another, and which cannot be manually positioned by one or two men on the job, or which require the use of forms in assembling them in 55 their final position.

Referring more particularly to the individual components of the floor, the joists l2a, b, c, and d, are precast and formed of concrete preferably according to the method described in our copending application, Serial No. 710,711 filed concurrently 5 herewith. This may be done at the building site or at a remote point from which the joists can be transported to the desired location. The joists are of inverted T-shape in cross section. The lower or tension part I2-l is of greater width than the upper or compression part |2--2 but the height of the compression portion is usually greater than the tension portion. Obviously, however, the dimensions may be varied to suit the requirements of particular usage. Steel rods IZ-JI and |25 are embedded in the tension and compression portions and extend lengthwise of the beam for reenforcement. Conventional shear reenforcements are also provided.

By reason of the lesser width of the compression part l22 shoulders l2-6 are formed between it and the tension part. These shoulders form rests for the blocks Ida, b, c, and d, which preferably are made of cement and a lightweight aggregate. The joists are spaced just far enough apart so 5 that only the edges of the blocks rest on the' shoulders l2-6. In order to insure the spacing of the sides of the blocks from the faces of the joists, fillets l2-'l are formed on the joists at the junction of the compression and tension parts.

These fillets prevent the edges of the blocks from coming in contact with the side faces of the joists. However, other means may be provided to prevent the side faces of the joists and blocks from coming into contact. Thus, the grout l6 which is poured over the blocks can fill in between the faces of the joists and blocks and bond with them.

As a further means to provide spacing between the joist and block faces, the side faces of the blocks are inclined so that the blocks have the form of rectangular truncated pyramids. This inclination of the side faces of the blocks also provides a space between the side faces of adjacent blocks such as la, b, c and d, so that the grout can fill in between them and bond with them to form a floor of monolithic nature.

The blocks Ma, etc., are preferably made of greater length than width so that the joist spacing may be varied by laying the blocks with either their long edges adjacent ortheir short edges adjacent.

The height of the blocks will preferably, though not necessarily, be less than the height of the compression portion l22 so that the blocks will be completely covered over by the grout which may extend up to the top surface of the joists.

It will be observed that if theblocks are placed on the shoulders with their adjacent edges touching that no form will be required to hold the grout but only a barrier or baiile at the ends of the joists, for which an ordinary board will suffice. The bottoms of the blocks will thus be the ceiling of the room below our improved floor construction, and the tension parts of the joists will give the appearance of beams. Thus our invention provides not only a strong, light, easily constructed floor but also gives a beamed ceiling effect.

Another advantage of our construction is that the joists and blocks employed in making it are light and easily handled by one or two workmen.

Many modifications within the scope of our invention will occur to those skilled in the art, therefore we do not limit ourselves to the specific embodiments shown.

We claim:-

1. A concrete floor or ceiling construction comprising precast joists of inverted T-shape providing longitudinally extending shoulders on the side faces of the joists, precast blocks having their bottom faces resting upon said shoulders in abutment with each other, the side and end faces of said blocks being upwardly inclined providing recesses for the accommodation of grout between adjacent blocks and between the joists and the blocks, and grout bonding said joists and blocks.

2. A concrete floor or ceiling construction comprising precast joists of inverted T-shape providing longitudinally extending shoulders on the side faces of the joists, precast. blocks having their bottom faces resting upon said shoulders in abutment with each other, and means on said joists preventing the side faces of said blocks and joists from touching.

3. A concrete floor or ceiling construction comprising precast joists each having a tension part and a compression part, the tension part being wider than the compression part to form a shoulder, precast blocks having their bottom faces resting on said shoulders, and means located at the junction of said compression and tension parts to hold the side faces of said blocks from the side faces of the joists, and grout bonding said blocks and joists together.

4. A concrete floor or ceiling construction comprising precast joists of inverted T-shape providing longitudinally extending shoulders on the side faces of the joists, precast blocks having their bottom faces resting upon said shoulders in abutment with each other, the side and end faces of said blocks being upwardly inclined providing recesses for the accommodation of grout between adjacent blocks and between the joists and the blocks, and grout bonding the adjacent faces of said blocks to each other and said joists and blocks, said blocks being of greater width than length whereby the spacing of the oists may be varied accordingly as the blocks are laid with their long or their short edges adjacent to one another.

5. In a concrete floor or ceiling construction having a plurality of parallel horizontal secondary supporting members supported adjacent their ends upon primary supporting means, and ex tending between said primary supporting means, said secondary supporting members comprising precast joists of concrete with means on the sides thereof for supporting blocks, in combination with a plurality of precast concrete blocks of any desired aggregate supported on said means on the sides of the joists, said blocks being placed in abutment with one another, and grout bonding the adjacent faces of said blocks to each other and also bonding said joists and blocks together.

6. In a concrete floor or ceiling construction having a plurality of parallel horizontal secondary supporting members supported adjacent their ends upon primary supporting means and extending between said primary supporting means, said secondary supporting members comprising precast joists of concrete with longitudinally extending laterally projecting means thereon for supporting blocks, in combination with a plurality of precast concrete blocks of any desired aggregate having all of itsv faces imperforate and supported on said longitudinally extending means, in abutment with one another, and grout bonding the adjacent faces of said block to each other and also bonding said joists and blocks together.

7. In a concrete floor or ceiling construction having a plurality of parallel horizontal secondary supporting members supported adjacent their ends upon primary supporting means and extending between said primary supporting means, said secondary supporting members comprising precast joists ofconcrete with means on the sides thereof for supporting blocks, in combination with a plurality of precast solid concrete blocks of any desired aggregate, said blocks beingsupported in abutment with one another on said supporting means on the sides of said joists and having upwardly inclined side and end faces providing recesses for grout, and grout bonding the adjacent faces of said block to each other and also bonding said joists and blocks together.

8. In a concrete floor or ceiling construction having a plurality of parallel horizontal secondary supporting members supported adjacent their ends upon primary supporting means and extending between said primary supporting means, said secondary supporting members comprising precast joists of concrete with longitudinally extending laterally projecting means thereon for supporting blocks, in combination with a plurality of precast solid concrete blocks of any desired aggregate supported on said longitudinally extending means, in abutment with one another, the bottom surfaces of said blocks being in a plane above the bottom surfaces of said joists, whereby a beamed ceiling efiect is produced, and grout bonding the adjacent faces of said blocks to each other and said joists and blocks together.

9. A concrete floor or ceiling construction comprising precast joists having longitudinally extending laterally projecting means providing shoulders on the side faces thereof, precast blocks having their bottom faces. resting upon said shoulders in abutment with each other and above the bottom faces of said joists whereby a beam ceiling effect is produced, the side and end faces of said blocks being upwardly inclined providing recesses for the accommodation of grout between adjacent blocks and betweenjthe joists and the blocks, and grout bonding said. joistsand blocks.

10. In a concrete floor or 'ceiling' 'ponstruction having a plurality of parallel horizontal secondary supporting members supported adjacent their ends upon primary supportingmeans and means, said secondary supporting members comprising precast joists oi. concrete with means on the sides thereof for supporting blocks, in combination with a'plurality of precast solid rectangular concrete blocks of any desired aggregate, said blocks being supported in abutment with one another on said supporting means on the sides of said joists and. having upwardly ini I aoaaaaa' 3' extending between said primary supporting clined side and end races providing recesses for grout, said blocks being piaceable on said supporting means with-their side faces adjacent or with their end iaces adjacent, and grout holding the adjacent faces of said blocks to each other and also bonding said joists and blocks together. v

C. EVERETT BURBANK. BURRI'I'I A. CUSHMAN. 

